Dichloromethane
CASRN 75-09-2 | DTXSID0020868
- Toxicological Review (PDF) (567 pp, 5.1 M)
- IRIS Summary (PDF) (44 pp, 337 K)
Noncancer Assessment
Reference Dose for Oral Exposure (RfD) (PDF)
(44 pp, 337 K)
Last Updated: 11/18/2011
| System | RfD (mg/kg-day) | Basis | PoD | Composite UF | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatic | 6 x 10 -3 | Hepatic effects (hepatic vacuolation, liver foci) |
BMDL
10
(HED):
0.19
mg/kg-day |
30 | High |
Reference Concentration for Inhalation Exposure (RfC) (PDF)
(44 pp, 337 K)
Last Updated: 11/18/2011
| System | RfC (mg/m3) | Basis | PoD | Composite UF | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatic | 6 x 10 -1 | Hepatic effects (hepatic vacuolation) |
BMDL
10
(HEC):
17.2
mg/m3 |
30 | Medium/High |
Cancer Assessment
Weight of Evidence for Cancer (PDF)
(44 pp, 337 K)
Last Updated: 11/18/2011
| WOE Characterization | Framework for WOE Characterization |
|---|---|
| Likely to be carcinogenic to humans | Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 2005) |
- Following U.S. EPA (2005) Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, dichloromethane is "likely to be carcinogenic in humans," based predominantly on evidence of carcinogenicity at two sites in 2-year bioassays in male and female B6C3F1 mice (liver and lung tumors) with inhalation exposure (NTP, 1986) and at one site in male B6C3F1 mice (liver tumors) with drinking water exposure (Serota et al., 1986b; Hazleton Laboratories, 1983).
- This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative.
Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure (PDF) (44 pp, 337 K)
Oral Slope Factor:
2
x 10-3
per mg/kg-day
Extrapolation Method:
Multistage model with linear extrapolation from the point of departure (BMDL10).
Tumor site(s): Hepatic
Tumor type(s): Hepatocellular carcinomas or adenomas
(Serota et al., 1986b)
Note: ADAF -- EPA has concluded that dichloromethane is carcinogenic by a mutagenic mode of action. Application of age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs) to the oral slope factor is recommended in combination with appropriate exposure data when assessing risk associated with early-life exposure.
Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure (PDF) (44 pp, 337 K)
Inhalation Unit Risk:
1
x 10-8
per µg/m3
Extrapolation Method:
Multistage model with linear extrapolation from the point of departure (BMDL10).
Tumor site(s): Hepatic, Respiratory
Tumor type(s): Hepatocellular carcinomas or adenomas, bronchoalveolar carcinomas or adenomas
(Mennear et al., 1988; NTP, 1986)
Note: ADAF -- EPA has concluded that dichloromethane is carcinogenic by a mutagenic mode of action. Application of age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs) to the inhalation unit risk is recommended in combination with appropriate exposure data when assessing risk associated with early-life exposure.
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