Acrylamide
CASRN 79-06-1 | DTXSID5020027
- Toxicological Review (PDF) (459 pp, 4.84 M)
- IRIS Summary (PDF) (34 pp, 324 K)
Noncancer Assessment
Reference Dose for Oral Exposure (RfD) (PDF)
(34 pp, 324 K)
Last Updated: 03/22/2010
| System | RfD (mg/kg-day) | Basis | PoD | Composite UF | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nervous | 2 x 10 -3 | Degenerative nerve changes |
HED
(BMDL):
0.053
mg/kg-day |
30 | Medium/High |
Reference Concentration for Inhalation Exposure (RfC) (PDF)
(34 pp, 324 K)
Last Updated: 03/22/2010
| System | RfC (mg/m3) | Basis | PoD | Composite UF | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nervous | 6 x 10 -3 | Degenerative nerve changes |
HEC
5
(BMDL):
0.18
mg/m3 |
30 | Medium |
Cancer Assessment
Weight of Evidence for Cancer (PDF)
(34 pp, 324 K)
Last Updated: 03/22/2010
| WOE Characterization | Framework for WOE Characterization |
|---|---|
| Likely to be carcinogenic to humans (Combined route) | Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 2005) |
- In accordance with the Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment U.S. EPA, 2005, acrylamide (AA) is characterized as "likely to be carcinogenic to humans."
- This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative.
Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure (PDF) (34 pp, 324 K)
Oral Slope Factor:
8.3
x 10-1
per mg/kg-day
Extrapolation Method: Multistage model with linear extrapolation from the point of departure (BMDL), summed risk, includes application of age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs).
Tumor site(s): Endocrine, Reproductive
Tumor type(s): thyroid tumors and tunica vaginalis mesotheliomas (Johnson et al., 1986)
Note: EPA has concluded that acrylamide is carcinogenic by a mutagenic mode of action. Thus, based on the EPA cancer guidelines (2005), the oral slope factor (OSF) addressing lifetime exposure includes application of ADAFs. The OSF is recommended for lifetime exposures. EPA has also provided an adult-based cancer slope factor of 5 x 10-1 per mg/kg-day. This adult-based cancer slope factor can be used instead of the OSF when assessing cancer risk associated with exposure scenarios that don’t include early life (< 16 years of age) or when other calculations by the user are necessary (e.g., when applying ADAFs to age-specific exposure estimates).
Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure (PDF) (34 pp, 324 K)
Inhalation Unit Risk:
1.7
x 10-4
per µg/m3
Extrapolation Method: Multistage model with linear extrapolation from the point of departure (BMDL), summed risk, includes application of age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs).
Tumor site(s): Reproductive, Endocrine
Tumor type(s): thyroid tumors and tunica vaginalis mesotheliomas (Johnson et al., 1986)
Note: EPA has concluded that acrylamide is carcinogenic by a mutagenic mode of action. Thus, based on the EPA cancer guidelines (2005), the inhalation unit risk (IUR) addressing lifetime exposure includes application of ADAFs. The IUR is recommended for lifetime exposures.
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